*Ans.*
A pinhole camera is a simple camera without a lens but with a tiny hole as a aperture so that it is called pinhole camera.
it is effectively a light-proof box with a small hole in one side. Light passes through the aperture and projects an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, which is known as the camera obscura effect.
The size of the images depends on the distance between the object and the pinhole.
Image formation
It consists of a light-proof box with a tiny hole in one end and some film or photographic paper on the other end. When light rays go through the tiny hole, it forms an upside-down (inverted) image at the back of the box.
In the picture above, light ray ‘a’ travels in a straight line, passes through the pinhole and falls at ‘a1’ on the screen. Similarly, light ray ‘b’ falls at ‘b1’. Thus ‘b1a1’ is the upside-down (inverted) image of the tree that is formed on the screen.
If you increase the number of holes, the number of images also will increase.
How to Construct a Pinhole Camera
Take an empty shoebox
Paint the inner part of the shoebox in black color to make it light-proof.
Cut one end of the shoebox and fix a wax paper or tracing paper over the open end.
With the help of a sharp pencil or small nail, make a tiny hole at the center of the opposite side.
Point the tiny hole towards a bright object like candle flame or tree.
You will see an inverted image of a tree or candle on the wax paper screen.
Q.2 What is the reflection of the light? What is the law of Reflection of light?
Ans. When light falls on smooth surface a part of the light thrown back (reflected) this phenomenon is known as reflection of light. The falling ray is known as ray of incident and reflected ray is known as reflected rays.
Law or Reflection of light: - There are two laws of reflection: 01. The angle of reflection ∠r is always equal to the angle of incidence ∠i.
∠ i= ∠ r
02. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of the incidence all line in the same plane.
Q.3 What is Lateral Inversion? Why the word AMBULANCE did write in Lateral inversion?
Ans. If in an image formed by the mirror the left object appears on the right and the right appears on the left. This phenomenon is known as lateral RAHUL TUITION CENTER Ph. 9350250153 (Sc. 801.1) inversion. Image formation in a plain mirror under goes the lateralinversion.
The word AMBULANCE is written in lateral inversion so that its image Looks after lateral inversion in right formation.
Q.4. What is a balanced diet? Write the components of balanced diet.
Ans: A diet which provides the right proportion of all the nutrients that our body needs along with roughage and water is called balanced diet.
The various components of balanced diet are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, roughage and water.
3. Prepare a chart to show various vitamins and minerals and the disorders caused by their deficiency
6. Roughage Indigestion
Q.5. Draw a neat and labelled diagram of a plant.
Ans.
Plant parts functions :
Fruit:
Tastes sweet, so people and animals like to eat it.
Root:
Anchor the plant in the soil.
Stem:
Transports water and minerals to the leaves.
Leaf:
Make the food that keeps plants alive and helps them grow.
Flower:
Produce seeds, which grow into new plants.
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