05. COAL AND PETROLEUM
Exercises
Q.
1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG
as fuels?
Ans.
The advantages of using compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquified petroleum
gas (LPG) as fuels are: They can be burnt directly. They can be transported
easily through pipe lines. They are clean fuels and do not give smoke when
burnt. They give a lot of heat energy when burnt.
Q. 2. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.
Ans. Bitumen, a petroleum product, is used for surfacing roads.
Q. 3. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?
Ans. Millions of years ago, dense forests got buried under the soil due to
natural processes like storms, floods, and earthquakes. These got compressed as
more and more soil got deposited over them. When they got buried deep in the
soil, they were exposed to very high pressure and temperature. Under these conditions,
these slowly got converted into coal. This process of formation of coal from
dead vegetation is called carbonization.
Q. 4. Fill in the banks.
(a) Fossil fuels are ________, ________and _________.
(b) Process of separation of different constituents from
petroleum is called _________.
(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicles is __________.
Ans. (a) Fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural
gas.
(b) Process of separation of different constituents from
petroleum is called refining.
(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicles is CNG.
Q. 5. Tick True/False against the following statements.
(a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (T / F)
(b) CNG is more
polluting fuel than petrol. (T
/ F)
(c) Coke is almost pure
form of carbon. (T / F)
(d) Coal tar is a mixture
of various substances. (T / F)
(e) Kerosene is not a
fossil fuel. (T
/ F)
Ans. (a) False (b)
False (c) True (d) True (e) False
|
Q. 6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.
Ans. Fossil fuels require millions of years to form from the dead vegetation
and animals that get buried deep inside the Earth. They require high
temperature and pressure for their formation, which cannot be provided in the
laboratory. Thus, fossils are limited. Therefore, the use of fossil fuels at
this rate will lead to their exhaustion.
Q. 7. Describe characteristics and uses of coke.
Ans. Characteristics of coke are: Tough, Porous, Black in colour
Uses of coke: In manufacture of steel, In the extraction of metals (as a
reducing agent).
Q. 8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.
Ans. Petroleum was formed from dead organisms that got buried in the sea
millions of years ago. These dead bodies got covered with layers of sand and
clay. Lack of air, high temperature, and high pressure transformed these dead
organisms into petroleum and natural gas.
Q. 9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991 - 1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.
S. No.
|
Year
|
Shortage (%)
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
|
7.9
7.8
8.3
7.4
7.1
9.2
11.5
|
Ans.Graph Ans. 10.
Some Important Question asked in Papers
Q. Write the full form or
PCRA
Q. Write the uses of coke
and coaltar.
Q. Name the Petroleum
product used for surfacing of roads.
Q. Name the least
polluting fuel for the vehicle.
Q. Name the process of
separation of different constituents form petroleum.
Q. Define fossil fuel. Why
fossil fuel are exhaustible natural recourses?
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